Social Enterprise

2018

2016

2015

Social Enterprise Movement Faces Growth and New Challenges

Steve Dubb
Rooflines: The Shelterforce blog

Our director of Special Projects, Steve Dubb, writes on the growing trend of socially-oriented firms as it expands and adapts to a changing market.

2014

The Emerging Need For Hybrid Entities: Why California Should Become The Delaware Of Social Enterprise Law

Ross Kelley

Recognizing the limitations and restraints posed on socially conscious for-profit organizations, several states have begun to develop a legislative model that blends attributes of traditional for-profit and not-for-profit entities into “hybrid” organizations. Chief among these states is California, which has emerged as a leader of this new social enterprise reform. California is the only state to allow a business to incorporate as a Benefit Corporation or a Flexible Purpose Corporation. Additionally, the state legislature has proposed a third type of hybrid entity—the Low-Profit Limited Liability Company. By addressing the limitations of the traditional corporate structure, California’s new hybrid entities afford directors, founders, and officers not only with increased legal protection, but also promote confidence to pursue social and environmental causes. This Article explains why California is the preferred choice for social enterprises and how an influx of social enterprises could benefit the state. 

Social Innovation From the Inside Out

Warren Nilsson and Tana Paddock
Stanford Social Innovation Review

2013

When Good is Not Good Enough

Bill Shore, Darell Hammond and Amy Celep
Stanford Social Innovation Review

Leaders of two of the most successful nonprofit organizations argue that the sector needs to shift its attention from modest goals that provide short-term relief to bold goals that, while harder to achieve, provide long-term solutions by tackling the root of social problems.

2012

5 Ways to Navigate The Fiscal Crisis

Daniel Stid and Willa Seldon
Stanford Social Innovation Review

2011

The Big Idea: Creating Shared Value

Michael E. Porter and Mark R. Kramer
Harvard Business Review

2010

Fostering Social Enterprise: A Historical and International Analysis

Matthew F. Doeringer
Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, volume 20, number 2, pages 291-329

2009

2008

The Responsibility Paradox

Gerald F. Davis, Marina V.N. Whitman and Mayer N. Zald
Stanford Social Enterprise Review, pages 31-37

Appalachian By Design: lessons on creating social value

Diane Lynch, Barbara Ann Elliott and Debbi D. Brock
Social Enterprise Journal, volume 4, number 3, pages 229-241

Recovering Social Innovation

James A. Phills Jr., et al.
Stanford Social Innovation Review

2007

2006

2005

Profits for Justice

Michael Shuman and Merrian Fuller
The Nation

2004

The Marketization of the Nonprofit Sector: Civil Society at Risk?

Angela M. Eikenberry and Jodie Drapal Klover
Public Administration Review, volume 64, issue 2, pages 132-140

2003

2001

1998

Genius at Work

Sara Terry
Fast Company, issue 17

2016

2014

The New Barnraising

Gareth Potts
German Marshall Fund of the United States

This new toolkit from the German Marshall Fund offers policies and practices to empower communities to preserve civic assets such as public parks, libraries, and recreation centers in the face of public and private resource constraints. Based on research conducted in Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Baltimore, the guide offers a range of strategies to raise money, awareness, and community involvement for the preservation of community assets.

2009

2002

The New Nonprofit Almanac and Desk Reference

Murray S. Weitzman, Nadine Jalandoni, Linda Lampkin and Thomas H. Pollack

1998

2015

2014

2013

Social Entrepreneurship in Action: A White Paper Examining Prospects for Program Development

llinois Community Action Development Corporation

 The project scope focused on identifying opportunities, needs and gaps in ICADC’s and to some extent IACAA, IVCA’s programs and services to support earned income and social enterprise development within the network of 40 Community Action Agencies. 

Failure in Social Enterprises

Samantha Rykaszewski, Marie Ma and Yinzhi Shen
SEE
Change
Magazine

2011

2010

2009

Scaling Social Entrepreneurial Impact

Paul N. Bloom and Aaron K. Chatterji
Pending Publication in California Management Review

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

1998

2019

2018

2017

Best Practices for Social Value Procurement

Tessa Hebb and Heather Hachigian
Carleton Centre for Community Innovation

While a growing number of institutions are recognizing the need to integrate social, economic, and environmental values into their purchasing decisions, few actually evaluate and measure these values, limiting the uptake of this approach. This new paper from the Carleton Centre for Community Innovation reviews existing social value procurement frameworks, including Cleveland’s Greater University Circle Initiative, and puts forwards common themes and lessons learned. Read the full paper here.  

2016

Broad-Based Ownership Models as Tools for Job Creation and Community Development

Marjorie Kelly, Steve Dubb and Violeta Duncan

As cities wrestle with the growing challenge of wealth inequality, more and more leaders are looking to broad-based ownership models as tools to create jobs and build community wealth. These models are highly effective, with a positive impact for low- and moderate-income individuals and communities. This report looks at six such models—ESOPs, Worker Cooperatives, CDFIs, Social Enterprises, Municipal Ownership, and Emerging Hybrids—with examples of best practices, and explores how these models can be used in community economic development.

In Pursuit of Deeper Impact: Mobilizing Capital for Social Equity

Katherine Pease
KP Advisors

This new paper from KP Advisors puts forth a vision of “impact investing for social equity.” Noting that conventional impact investment strategies still tend to prioritize the needs of investors over the needs of communities, the paper draws on interviews with leaders in the field who are using investments to address the root causes of social and economic inequality. The authors call on investors to shift their expectations with regards to levels of risk, return, and time frame, and to better involve local communities in the decision-making process:

2015

Impact to Last: Lessons from the Front Lines of Social Enterprise

Ben Thornley, Jacquelyn Anderson and Lauren Dixon

In these eight case studies, REDF (a California-based nonprofit, has led the pioneering effort to create jobs and employment opportunities for people facing the greatest barriers to work) highlights the work of social enterprise leaders around the country. By surveying groups such as the Evergreen Cooperatives in Cleveland, Ohio, REDF showcases the principal drivers of achieving scale and success, and paving the way towards a more inclusive economy.

2012

2010

Social Enterprise: A Portrait of the Field

Community Wealth Ventures, The Social Enterprise Alliance and The Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship

2009

Social Venturing

Robin Murray, Julie Caulier-Grice and Geoff Mulgan

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

1999

1996

n/a

Social Enterprise Movement Faces Growth and New Challenges

Steve Dubb
Rooflines: The Shelterforce blog

Our director of Special Projects, Steve Dubb, writes on the growing trend of socially-oriented firms as it expands and adapts to a changing market.

The Emerging Need For Hybrid Entities: Why California Should Become The Delaware Of Social Enterprise Law

Ross Kelley

Recognizing the limitations and restraints posed on socially conscious for-profit organizations, several states have begun to develop a legislative model that blends attributes of traditional for-profit and not-for-profit entities into “hybrid” organizations. Chief among these states is California, which has emerged as a leader of this new social enterprise reform. California is the only state to allow a business to incorporate as a Benefit Corporation or a Flexible Purpose Corporation. Additionally, the state legislature has proposed a third type of hybrid entity—the Low-Profit Limited Liability Company. By addressing the limitations of the traditional corporate structure, California’s new hybrid entities afford directors, founders, and officers not only with increased legal protection, but also promote confidence to pursue social and environmental causes. This Article explains why California is the preferred choice for social enterprises and how an influx of social enterprises could benefit the state. 

Social Innovation From the Inside Out

Warren Nilsson and Tana Paddock
Stanford Social Innovation Review

When Good is Not Good Enough

Bill Shore, Darell Hammond and Amy Celep
Stanford Social Innovation Review

Leaders of two of the most successful nonprofit organizations argue that the sector needs to shift its attention from modest goals that provide short-term relief to bold goals that, while harder to achieve, provide long-term solutions by tackling the root of social problems.

5 Ways to Navigate The Fiscal Crisis

Daniel Stid and Willa Seldon
Stanford Social Innovation Review

The Big Idea: Creating Shared Value

Michael E. Porter and Mark R. Kramer
Harvard Business Review

Fostering Social Enterprise: A Historical and International Analysis

Matthew F. Doeringer
Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, volume 20, number 2, pages 291-329

The Responsibility Paradox

Gerald F. Davis, Marina V.N. Whitman and Mayer N. Zald
Stanford Social Enterprise Review, pages 31-37

Appalachian By Design: lessons on creating social value

Diane Lynch, Barbara Ann Elliott and Debbi D. Brock
Social Enterprise Journal, volume 4, number 3, pages 229-241

Recovering Social Innovation

James A. Phills Jr., et al.
Stanford Social Innovation Review

Profits for Justice

Michael Shuman and Merrian Fuller
The Nation

The Marketization of the Nonprofit Sector: Civil Society at Risk?

Angela M. Eikenberry and Jodie Drapal Klover
Public Administration Review, volume 64, issue 2, pages 132-140

Genius at Work

Sara Terry
Fast Company, issue 17

The New Barnraising

Gareth Potts
German Marshall Fund of the United States

This new toolkit from the German Marshall Fund offers policies and practices to empower communities to preserve civic assets such as public parks, libraries, and recreation centers in the face of public and private resource constraints. Based on research conducted in Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Baltimore, the guide offers a range of strategies to raise money, awareness, and community involvement for the preservation of community assets.

The New Nonprofit Almanac and Desk Reference

Murray S. Weitzman, Nadine Jalandoni, Linda Lampkin and Thomas H. Pollack

Social Entrepreneurship in Action: A White Paper Examining Prospects for Program Development

llinois Community Action Development Corporation

 The project scope focused on identifying opportunities, needs and gaps in ICADC’s and to some extent IACAA, IVCA’s programs and services to support earned income and social enterprise development within the network of 40 Community Action Agencies. 

Failure in Social Enterprises

Samantha Rykaszewski, Marie Ma and Yinzhi Shen
SEE
Change
Magazine

Scaling Social Entrepreneurial Impact

Paul N. Bloom and Aaron K. Chatterji
Pending Publication in California Management Review

Best Practices for Social Value Procurement

Tessa Hebb and Heather Hachigian
Carleton Centre for Community Innovation

While a growing number of institutions are recognizing the need to integrate social, economic, and environmental values into their purchasing decisions, few actually evaluate and measure these values, limiting the uptake of this approach. This new paper from the Carleton Centre for Community Innovation reviews existing social value procurement frameworks, including Cleveland’s Greater University Circle Initiative, and puts forwards common themes and lessons learned. Read the full paper here.  

Broad-Based Ownership Models as Tools for Job Creation and Community Development

Marjorie Kelly, Steve Dubb and Violeta Duncan

As cities wrestle with the growing challenge of wealth inequality, more and more leaders are looking to broad-based ownership models as tools to create jobs and build community wealth. These models are highly effective, with a positive impact for low- and moderate-income individuals and communities. This report looks at six such models—ESOPs, Worker Cooperatives, CDFIs, Social Enterprises, Municipal Ownership, and Emerging Hybrids—with examples of best practices, and explores how these models can be used in community economic development.

In Pursuit of Deeper Impact: Mobilizing Capital for Social Equity

Katherine Pease
KP Advisors

This new paper from KP Advisors puts forth a vision of “impact investing for social equity.” Noting that conventional impact investment strategies still tend to prioritize the needs of investors over the needs of communities, the paper draws on interviews with leaders in the field who are using investments to address the root causes of social and economic inequality. The authors call on investors to shift their expectations with regards to levels of risk, return, and time frame, and to better involve local communities in the decision-making process:

Impact to Last: Lessons from the Front Lines of Social Enterprise

Ben Thornley, Jacquelyn Anderson and Lauren Dixon

In these eight case studies, REDF (a California-based nonprofit, has led the pioneering effort to create jobs and employment opportunities for people facing the greatest barriers to work) highlights the work of social enterprise leaders around the country. By surveying groups such as the Evergreen Cooperatives in Cleveland, Ohio, REDF showcases the principal drivers of achieving scale and success, and paving the way towards a more inclusive economy.

Social Enterprise: A Portrait of the Field

Community Wealth Ventures, The Social Enterprise Alliance and The Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship

Social Venturing

Robin Murray, Julie Caulier-Grice and Geoff Mulgan